Leonabd geigek



(No Model.)

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

LEONARD GEIGER, OF HUDSON, NEW YORK.

` PRQJECTiLE.

Appnnminn inea ottime: 20, less.

Serial Nn. 180,307. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern: Y Be it known that I, LEONARD GEIGER,citizen of the 'United States, residing at Hudv son, in the county ofColumbia and State of nient. Figs'. 2 and3 are similar views of niodifiieations; and Fig. 4 a horizontal transverse section of the sameenlarged.

This invention relates more particularly to that class of projectilesused in small-arms; and it consists inthe peculiar eoiistrnction of thesaine, as hereinafter more fully described A and claimed.

Herctofore projectiles have been provided with grooves encircling theprojectiles or arranged spirally upon the cylindrical body thereof. Suchgrooves, however, have always been made sufficiently deep to allow thepassage of the gases of explosion, or have been made deep for otherpurposes. The consequence oi'sncli construction, however, is that thedisplaced metal not only materially reduces the weight of theprojectile, but the abut ting surfaces foi-ined by the recesses areacted upon by the atmosphere to retard the projectile. 'lhese areserious defects. To overcome these difficulties and provide ineans forlubrication and for keeping the barrel clean, I propose to forlin in anyconvenient way,but prefer ably by knurling, a series of shallowdepressed lines. preferablyin the forni shown in Fig.`l -that is-to say,with two series of such -lines set slightly spiral and running inopposite directions. In lieu of this, a single series of independentlines maybe used, as shown inI Fig. 2, or a series of slightdepressions, as shown iu Fig. 3, but `I prefer the forin shown iiiFig.l.. Vl also prefer that the outer surface of the projectile shall have acoating of copper, as shown in in y Patent No. 306,739; but do not limitmyself to coated projectiles. The coated projectiles, however, have theadvantage that the edges of the lines have greater effect in scrapingthe residuu in out of the barrcl,and thereby gives greater accuracy inshooting.

My invention comprises, essentially, a projectile which, while having aseries of slight depressions or shallow depressed lines adapted toreceive a lubricant and to keep the bore of the ril'lev clean, iswithout deep grooves designed and adapted to receive expansive gaseswhile iu the arm, and which will after leaving it present positiveabutting projections against which the air will act, not only retardingthc llight of the projeetile,biit also tending to change its direction.

In my projectile the surface of the body 1s scarilied or rougliened byshallow depressions or depressed lines easily distinguishable from 'thedeep grooves which form ribson the sur face of the projectile which havethe faults above mentioned.

My projectile has a plain cylindrical su rface which, althoughcomparatively smooth in genA eral outline, has a roughcned surface thatserves to hold a lubricant and to presenta cleaning-surface to the innerface of the barrel.

l. A bullet having a cylindrical body provided with a lsearified orrough surface formed over the 'saine by numerous shallow depressions ordepressed lilies of insufficient depth to forni abutting surfaces, asset forth.

2. A solid bullet having a cylindrical body` with its surface roughenedby two series ot shallow and closely-adjacent depressed lilies arrangediii opposite spirals, and constructed to hold a lubricant withoutpresenting airabutting surfaces, as set forth.

3. A projectile having a lead body and a hard-metal coating extendingfrom its point rearward, and provided with a series of shallowdepressions or iudentations of insufficient depth to forni abuttingsurfaces, substantially as described.

l'n testimony whereof l affix iuy signature, iu y sence oftwo witnesses,this 19th day of (letl der, i885.'

LEONA lt l) GlGlG lillt.

W itncsscs:

liienu. XVAr'rLus, (JHAs. L. llAzLE'roN.

